10kV無(wu)功(gong)(gong)補償裝(zhuang)置是電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統中(zhong)經常(chang)會用(yong)到的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣成套設備(bei)，它的(de)(de)用(yong)途是根據配電(dian)(dian)(dian)變壓器(qi)無(wu)功(gong)(gong)負荷狀況，自動分步投切(qie)(qie)并(bing)聯(lian)在配電(dian)(dian)(dian)變壓器(qi)3~20kV母(mu)線(xian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)組，提(ti)供相應(ying)的(de)(de)容性無(wu)功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)率。該裝(zhuang)置突破了原(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)組使用(yong)整(zheng)組進行固定補償投入時造(zao)成過(guo)補而切(qie)(qie)除后母(mu)線(xian)無(wu)功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)率又補償不足的(de)(de)缺點，使母(mu)線(xian)功(gong)(gong)率因數(shu)大(da)幅度提(ti)高并(bing)能穩定在一定的(de)(de)水(shui)平，從(cong)而穩定了系(xi)統電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、提(ti)高了變壓器(qi)的(de)(de)利(li)用(yong)率。下面來介紹一下得(de)潤電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣生(sheng)產的(de)(de)10kV無(wu)功(gong)(gong)補償裝(zhuang)置。

1 10kV線路無功補償系統闡述 
　　10kV線(xian)(xian)路無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)補(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)系(xi)統是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力運(yun)行(xing)(xing)中(zhong)重(zhong)要技術之一(yi)，主要指的(de)(de)(de)是按(an)照標準化要求，全(quan)(quan)面(mian)優化原有(you)管(guan)理(li)系(xi)統，實(shi)(shi)現管(guan)理(li)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)快速升(sheng)級，使供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)單位和(he)部(bu)門能(neng)夠(gou)隨(sui)時、及時對(dui)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)全(quan)(quan)線(xian)(xian)路無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓各(ge)種(zhong)狀(zhuang)況實(shi)(shi)現掌握與(yu)了(le)解，從(cong)(cong)根本上(shang)達到分析整體(ti)線(xian)(xian)路負荷(he)分布是否均勻，確保(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓運(yun)行(xing)(xing)過程(cheng)中(zhong)保(bao)(bao)持合格(ge)，能(neng)夠(gou)促使供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)部(bu)門有(you)效(xiao)提(ti)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)數據(ju)(ju)和(he)檢(jian)測(ce)、計量(liang)以及檢(jian)測(ce)整線(xian)(xian)路數據(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)準確程(cheng)度(du)，保(bao)(bao)證供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)穩定與(yu)可靠性。技術的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展代(dai)替了(le)傳統的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)，目前來看，10kV線(xian)(xian)路無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)補(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)主要作用(yong)(yong)在(zai)三個(ge)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)，一(yi)是在(zai)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)10kV母線(xian)(xian)按(an)主變容(rong)量(liang)15%左右集(ji)中(zhong)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)補(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)組(zu)；二是在(zai)用(yong)(yong)戶配變低(di)壓側分散安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)低(di)壓補(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)柜；三是在(zai)10kV線(xian)(xian)路若干符合中(zhong)心(xin)處或線(xian)(xian)路2/3處集(ji)中(zhong)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)10kV線(xian)(xian)路補(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)組(zu)，不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)有(you)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)技術要求，取得(de)效(xiao)果(guo)也有(you)所(suo)不(bu)同(tong)，在(zai)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)調(diao)節過程(cheng)中(zhong)，就需要根據(ju)(ju)問題(ti)導(dao)向，做(zuo)好(hao)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)與(yu)調(diao)試(shi)，保(bao)(bao)證供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)果(guo)、提(ti)高(gao)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)質量(liang)。但是，從(cong)(cong)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)效(xiao)果(guo)來看，第三種(zhong)補(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)具備(bei)自身較多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)優勢，與(yu)前兩種(zhong)補(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)相比，具備(bei)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置集(ji)中(zhong)、減(jian)少(shao)(shao)線(xian)(xian)路損(sun)(sun)耗、設(she)備(bei)利用(yong)(yong)率高(gao)和(he)便(bian)于管(guan)理(li)維護等(deng)優點(dian)，在(zai)當前的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企業中(zhong)已經實(shi)(shi)現了(le)非常廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)(de)推廣(guang)與(yu)應用(yong)(yong)，實(shi)(shi)現了(le)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)補(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)效(xiao)果(guo)，能(neng)夠(gou)進一(yi)步優化系(xi)統，對(dui)無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率補(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)好(hao)壞(huai)，直接影響著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)有(you)功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率比例(li)，大大減(jian)少(shao)(shao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)投入(ru)，節省(sheng)資金投入(ru)，全(quan)(quan)面(mian)有(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高(gao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企業經濟效(xiao)率，保(bao)(bao)證企業收(shou)益(yi)。在(zai)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)應用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)，供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)企業均會在(zai)10kV線(xian)(xian)路方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)補(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置，這樣做(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)非就是減(jian)少(shao)(shao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)中(zhong)配網(wang)損(sun)(sun)耗，保(bao)(bao)證生產(chan)效(xiao)率提(ti)升(sheng)，在(zai)城鎮(zhen)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)中(zhong)，起著重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)，10kV線(xian)(xian)路安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)補(bu)償(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置不(bu)論是從(cong)(cong)效(xiao)果(guo)看，還是從(cong)(cong)經濟效(xiao)益(yi)上(shang)看，都有(you)著必(bi)要的(de)(de)(de)現實(shi)(shi)意(yi)義。 

　2 安裝地點選擇 
　　安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)地(di)點(dian)至(zhi)關(guan)重要，直接(jie)影(ying)響著運行(xing)的(de)(de)效率，在(zai)(zai)安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)前，需(xu)要科學論證，做出(chu)正確(que)的(de)(de)選擇(ze)。從(cong)專業的(de)(de)角(jiao)度看，無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)地(di)點(dian)會對無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)最(zui)后的(de)(de)實(shi)現(xian)能(neng)(neng)力與(yu)效果(guo)產生重大改變，影(ying)響整體供電效能(neng)(neng)。供電企業要想實(shi)現(xian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)效果(guo)，就(jiu)(jiu)需(xu)要從(cong)多方面(mian)(mian)全(quan)面(mian)(mian)考(kao)(kao)(kao)慮(lv)，避免出(chu)現(xian)不良因素，在(zai)(zai)安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)時，不但(dan)要全(quan)面(mian)(mian)考(kao)(kao)(kao)慮(lv)功(gong)(gong)率因素，而且(qie)還(huan)要仔細考(kao)(kao)(kao)慮(lv)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)降損(sun)的(de)(de)實(shi)際問題(ti)。在(zai)(zai)實(shi)際安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)，如(ru)(ru)把補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)到(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路的(de)(de)最(zui)前面(mian)(mian)，補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)負荷不能(neng)(neng)得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)釋放(fang)，仍然要通過(guo)(guo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路傳輸到(dao)(dao)達用電設(she)備(bei)(bei)，這(zhe)(zhe)時就(jiu)(jiu)會出(chu)現(xian)無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)電流(liu)的(de)(de)長距離流(liu)動，這(zhe)(zhe)種情況極容易(yi)出(chu)現(xian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路損(sun)耗的(de)(de)問題(ti)，這(zhe)(zhe)種方式，雖然解決了補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)的(de)(de)問題(ti)，但(dan)從(cong)實(shi)際效果(guo)看并不理想，線(xian)(xian)(xian)路功(gong)(gong)率因數得(de)(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)提高的(de)(de)同時，卻(que)并沒有(you)達到(dao)(dao)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)降損(sun)目標(biao)，由此可見，安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)選擇(ze)非常關(guan)鍵(jian)，只有(you)選擇(ze)正確(que)的(de)(de)位(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，才能(neng)(neng)從(cong)根本上解決問題(ti)，實(shi)現(xian)有(you)效運行(xing)，安(an)(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)時，對地(di)點(dian)一定(ding)要嚴格論證，盡(jin)量選擇(ze)無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)負荷中(zhong)心的(de)(de)區域(yu)，只有(you)這(zhe)(zhe)樣，才能(neng)(neng)減少線(xian)(xian)(xian)路無(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)電流(liu)以最(zui)大限度實(shi)現(xian)就(jiu)(jiu)地(di)平衡。如(ru)(ru)果(guo)供電企業在(zai)(zai)10kV線(xian)(xian)(xian)路補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)是對線(xian)(xian)(xian)路某一段(duan)進行(xing)截取(qu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)，就(jiu)(jiu)會導致(zhi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)設(she)備(bei)(bei)檢(jian)測的(de)(de)不全(quan)面(mian)(mian)，對補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以上負荷無(wu)(wu)法實(shi)現(xian)快速(su)檢(jian)測，裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)電源側負荷得(de)(de)(de)不到(dao)(dao)確(que)認與(yu)檢(jian)測，沒有(you)形成(cheng)可利(li)用的(de)(de)數據與(yu)反饋(kui)，所以只有(you)通過(guo)(guo)恒定(ding)整條(tiao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路不過(guo)(guo)補(bu)(bu)(bu)，而能(neng)(neng)夠使得(de)(de)(de)補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)點(dian)允許(xu)過(guo)(guo)補(bu)(bu)(bu)。

 
　　3 補償方式選擇 
　　補償方式是當前供電企業在10kV線路安裝無功補償裝置所要具體考慮到的問題之一。不同的補償方式會產生不同的效果，目前來看，絕大多數供電企業對10kV線路補償一般采用的模式是在柱上安裝固定電容器的方式，在技術處理上，按線路最小補償量或采用“三分之二”法則來確定電容器容量。通過訓類方式對10kV線路進行補償，實現連續性，但當線路負荷達到最高峰的時候，就會出現欠補現象，導致線損率增加，而達不到良好的補償作用。隨著科技的進步與創新，多級、多點無功自動補償方式得到快速推廣與應用，但其投資成本巨大，雖然效果較好，但卻存在許多不足和弊端，投入產出比的回報率低，收效時間過長，供電企業一般采用固定補償與自動補償兩種方式同時使用的方式，通過科學良好的模式組合，形成最佳控制。通過這種方式進行補償，不但能夠大大的提高工作效率，同時也能實現線路負荷的自動化控制，不論是供電用電高峰還是低谷，線路補償均能實現良好效果，極大的減少了配電線路無功輸送流量，保證了無功輸送距離的長度，從根本上有效解決了線路損耗過大的問題，使電力供應更加穩定可靠，提高了供電能力與供電質量，使企業能夠獲取更多的回報，滿足社會經濟發展需求。 
　　4 10kV線路無功補償實際節能方案 
　　通過上文的分析，我們已經明確了10kV線路無功補償裝置安裝地點及補償方式，要想實現良好的運行效果，電力企業在安裝無功補償裝置時，需要通過更加科學實用的方式進行選擇安裝，采用固定補償與自動補償相結合的模式，是當前最為實用的組合，在安裝地點上盡量選擇無功負荷中心位置，只有這樣，才能通過恒定整條線路不過補使補償點允許過補，從本質上，全面提高10kV線路無功補償系統速度，下面我們通過實際案例進行分析。 
　　4.1 確定線路的補償容量 
　　要想實現10kV線路無功補償效果，就需要在進行裝置前，進一步確認好補償容量，只有這樣，才能從根本上達到改善目的。安裝無功補償裝置之前，一定要綜合性考慮到各方面可能存在的問題，避免出現不良影響因素，電力企業需要通過專項、全面、客觀的調查與分析，科學合理的選定控制范疇，從中進一步確定無功補償裝置容量范圍，使確定的補償容量能真正為10kV線路服務，減少線損實現節能環保要求。電力企業設置無功補償裝置容量要遵循最大程度降低線路損耗這一基本原則，就是設置的前提與條件，進行確認時，一定要做好平均值計算，保證所設置的無功補償裝置的容量最好為10kV線路平均無功負荷的2/3為最佳。 
　　4.2 確定補償裝置安裝位置 
　　位置的選擇要嚴格進行，在確保無功補償裝置安裝到10kV線路無功負荷中心位置基礎上，還要保證無功就地平衡原則，從而實現配網主線無功電流減少，通過對各條配網線路安裝無功補償裝置，進一步控制好線損問題。只有電力企業對電容器最佳安裝位置科學選擇，保證無功補償容量符合標準規范，才能針對性的改善電壓質量，穩定供電運行，實現10kV線路無功補償系統的社會效用，確保用電需求增大的同時，實現社會經濟可持續發展。 
　　5 無功補償裝置安裝注意事項 
　　無功補償裝置在進行安裝時，會受空間、環境、工作量、成本等條件的限制，不同的影響因素會形成不同的問題，只有通過科學合理的配置，才能達到節能減排目標。農村廣大地區電網無功補償裝置安裝，重點需要考慮到每條線路單點補償方法，通過這種方式，盡量簡化控制，避免形成分組投切，避免頻繁出現故障。 
　　6 結束語 
　　隨著無功補(bu)償(chang)方法及配置技術的不(bu)斷(duan)完善，其(qi)優(you)勢作(zuo)用會日益突顯，自身蘊藏的潛力將會不(bu)斷(duan)發揮作(zuo)用，只有不(bu)斷(duan)進(jin)行(xing)探索研究，才能進(jin)一步提升供電質量與運行(xing)效益。 

安徽得潤電氣技術有限公司作為一家生產10kV無功補償裝置廠家，希望您(nin)在需要(yao)使(shi)用10kV無(wu)功補償(chang)裝置之(zhi)前(qian)，可(ke)以(yi)咨(zi)詢我們，給您(nin)寶(bao)貴(gui)的建議，合理(li)的配置，這樣即節省您(nin)的成(cheng)本又提高工作效率。

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