關于現場總線的相關標準、類型、本質及控制等安徽得潤電氣與您一起在前幾次的學習中都已經有所了解。無論多么多的理論描述感覺都是管中窺豹，更何況這樣的知識整理也都是掛一漏萬，真正要有所體會和收獲實踐才是最好的方式。得潤電氣在長期(qi)的(de)實(shi)踐中(zhong)(zhong)對總線的(de)理解也在不斷的(de)更新和(he)進步中(zhong)(zhong)。

目前現(xian)場(chang)總(zong)線(xian)一直處于一個多并存(cun)的(de)情況(kuang)，世界上存(cun)在著大(da)約四(si)十(shi)余(yu)種(zhong)現(xian)場(chang)總(zong)線(xian)，如法國(guo)的(de)FIP，英國(guo)的(de)ERA，德國(guo)西(xi)門子公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)Siemens的(de)ProfiBus，挪威的(de)FINT，Echelon公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)LONWorks，PhenixContact公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)InterBus，RoberBosch公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)CAN，Rosemount公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)HART，CarloGavazzi公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)Dupline，丹麥(mai)ProcessData公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)P-net，PeterHans公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)F-Mux，以及(ji)ASI（ActraturSensorInterface），MODBus，SDS，Arcnet，國(guo)際標準組織(zhi)-基金會現(xian)場(chang)總(zong)線(xian)FF：FieldBusFoundation，WorldFIP，BitBus，美國(guo)的(de)DeviceNet與ControlNet等等。這(zhe)些現(xian)場(chang)總(zong)線(xian)大(da)都(dou)用于過程自動化(hua)、醫藥(yao)領域(yu)、加工制造、交(jiao)通運(yun)輸、國(guo)防、航天、農業和樓宇等領域(yu)，大(da)概不(bu)到十(shi)種(zhong)的(de)總(zong)線(xian)占有80%左右的(de)市場(chang)。

工業總線網絡(luo)(luo)可歸(gui)為(wei)三類：485網絡(luo)(luo)、HART網絡(luo)(luo)、FieldBus現場總線網絡(luo)(luo)。

485網絡：RS485/MODBUS是(shi)現在(zai)流行的一種工(gong)業組網方(fang)式，其特點是(shi)實施簡單方(fang)便，而(er)且支持(chi)RS485的儀表(biao)(biao)又(you)特別(bie)多(duo)。儀表(biao)(biao)商也紛紛轉而(er)支持(chi)RS485/MODBUS，原因很(hen)簡單， RS485的轉換接口不僅便宜而(er)且種類繁多(duo)。至少(shao)在(zai)低端(duan)市場上，RS485/MODBUS仍將是(shi)最主要的工(gong)業組網方(fang)式。

HART網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)：HART是由艾默生提出的一個過渡性總線標(biao)準，主要特征是在4-20毫(hao)安電流信(xin)號上面疊加(jia)(jia)數字信(xin)號，但該協議并未(wei)真(zhen)正開(kai)放，要加(jia)(jia)入他的基金會才能拿到協議，而(er)加(jia)(jia)入基金會要一定的費用。HART技(ji)術主要被國(guo)(guo)外幾(ji)家大公司壟斷(duan)，近(jin)些年(nian)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)也有(you)公司在做，但還沒有(you)達(da)到國(guo)(guo)外公司的水(shui)平。有(you)很多智能儀表帶有(you)[HART圓卡]，支持HART通訊功能。但從國(guo)(guo)內(nei)情況來(lai)(lai)看(kan)(kan)，還沒有(you)真(zhen)正用到這部分功能來(lai)(lai)進行(xing)設(she)備聯網(wang)(wang)監(jian)控(kong)，最多只是利用手(shou)操(cao)器對其進行(xing)參(can)數設(she)定。從長遠來(lai)(lai)看(kan)(kan)，由于HART通信(xin)速率低(di)、組網(wang)(wang)困難等(deng)原(yuan)因(yin)，HART儀表的應(ying)用將呈下滑趨(qu)勢。

FieldBus現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)網(wang)絡：現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)是(shi)當(dang)今自(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)領域的(de)熱(re)(re)點技(ji)術(shu)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)，被譽為自(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)領域的(de)計算機局域網(wang)。它(ta)的(de)出現(xian)(xian)標志著自(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制技(ji)術(shu)又(you)一(yi)(yi)個新(xin)時(shi)(shi)代的(de)開始。現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)是(shi)連(lian)接控(kong)(kong)(kong)制現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)的(de)儀表與控(kong)(kong)(kong)制室內的(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制裝置的(de)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)、串行、多站通信(xin)的(de)網(wang)絡。其關鍵標志是(shi)能(neng)支持(chi)雙向(xiang)、多節點、總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)式(shi)的(de)全(quan)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)通信(xin)。現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)技(ji)術(shu)成(cheng)為國際(ji)上自(zi)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)和(he)儀器儀表發展的(de)熱(re)(re)點，它(ta)的(de)出現(xian)(xian)使(shi)傳統(tong)的(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制系統(tong)結構產生了革命(ming)性的(de)變化(hua)，使(shi)自(zi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系統(tong)朝(chao)著“智能(neng)化(hua)、數(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)、信(xin)息化(hua)、網(wang)絡化(hua)、分(fen)散化(hua)”的(de)方向(xiang)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步邁進(jin)，形成(cheng)新(xin)型(xing)的(de)網(wang)絡通信(xin)的(de)全(quan)分(fen)布式(shi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制系統(tong)——現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制系統(tong)FCS(Fieldbus Control System)。然而，現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)還沒有(you)形成(cheng)真正(zheng)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)的(de)標準，ProfiBus、CANbus、CC-Link等多種(zhong)標準并行存在(zai)，并且都有(you)自(zi)己的(de)生存空(kong)間。何(he)時(shi)(shi)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)，遙遙無期。支持(chi)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)的(de)儀表種(zhong)類還比較少，可供選擇的(de)余地(di)小(xiao)，價格又(you)偏高，用(yong)量也較小(xiao)。

現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)逐漸在(zai)工(gong)業現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)推廣，不(bu)(bu)(bu)少設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)但(dan)(dan)具(ju)有(you)(you)傳(chuan)統儀表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能，而且還具(ju)備(bei)(bei)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能、在(zai)DCS中(zhong)(zhong)，現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)被廣泛應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)注意(yi)以下(xia)幾個(ge)(ge)(ge)問題：1）通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求，例(li)如，PROFIBUS/DP在(zai)12Mbps速率(lv)(lv)時(shi)，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，可(ke)(ke)以達到200m，如果(guo)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)187.5kbps速率(lv)(lv)，可(ke)(ke)以達到1 000m。通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)有(you)(you)兩層含義(yi)，第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)，是(shi)兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)節點之間(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過中(zhong)(zhong)繼器能夠實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般來說，距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)和(he)(he)(he)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)速率(lv)(lv)成(cheng)反比；另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)，是(shi)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)(ge)(ge)網(wang)絡最遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)節點之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)。往往在(zai)廠家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)介(jie)紹材料(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)對于此類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)描述不(bu)(bu)(bu)夠清(qing)楚，在(zai)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)，必(bi)(bi)須(xu)(xu)考(kao)慮整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)(ge)(ge)網(wang)絡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍(wei)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)波(bo)信(xin)(xin)號在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)中(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)遞是(shi)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)時(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，特別在(zai)—些高(gao)(gao)(gao)速的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)，如果(guo)增大(da)距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)，就必(bi)(bi)須(xu)(xu)對一(yi)(yi)(yi)些通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)參數(shu)進行修改；2）線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)纜(lan)(lan)選(xuan)擇。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境決定(ding)(ding)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)速度和(he)(he)(he)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)介(jie)質(zhi)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般而言，現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)(xin)號傳(chuan)遞數(shu)據，在(zai)傳(chuan)輸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)避免(mian)地(di)(di)收(shou)到周圍(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)環(huan)境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)。大(da)多數(shu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)屏(ping)蔽(bi)雙絞線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。必(bi)(bi)須(xu)(xu)注意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)種類現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屏(ping)蔽(bi)雙絞線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)(ke)能是(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開發(fa)者(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種特制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)纜(lan)(lan)，在(zai)正確使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)這(zhe)種線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)(tiao)件下(xia)才能實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速率(lv)(lv)和(he)(he)(he)傳(chuan)輸距(ju)離(li)(li)(li)。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)條(tiao)(tiao)件極度惡劣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)(tiao)件下(xia)，光纜(lan)(lan)是(shi)合理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇，否則局(ju)部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)擾，可(ke)(ke)能影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)(ge)(ge)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)網(wang)絡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)；3）隔離(li)(li)(li)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般來說，現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)(xin)號與設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)內部是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)隔離(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)分布在(zai)車間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各個(ge)(ge)(ge)角(jiao)落，一(yi)(yi)(yi)旦發(fa)生高(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓串入(ru)，會造成(cheng)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)(ge)(ge)網(wang)段(duan)(duan)所有(you)(you)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)收(shou)發(fa)器損(sun)壞。如果(guo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)加(jia)以隔離(li)(li)(li)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓信(xin)(xin)號會繼續將(jiang)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)內部其他電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)損(sun)壞，導致嚴重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)后果(guo)；4）屏(ping)蔽(bi)。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屏(ping)蔽(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外層必(bi)(bi)須(xu)(xu)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)點良好接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)，如果(guo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)頻(pin)干(gan)擾嚴重(zhong)，可(ke)(ke)以采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)多點電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)允許多點直接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)，避免(mian)產生地(di)(di)回路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流；5）連接(jie)(jie)器。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般沒有(you)(you)對連接(jie)(jie)器做嚴格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)，但(dan)(dan)是(shi)如果(guo)處(chu)理不(bu)(bu)(bu)當，會影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)整(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)(ge)(ge)系(xi)統通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)。例(li)如，現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)型(xing)菊花鏈連接(jie)(jie)方式，在(zai)連接(jie)(jie)每一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)時(shi)，必(bi)(bi)須(xu)(xu)注意(yi)如何不(bu)(bu)(bu)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)在(zai)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有(you)(you)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)(tiao)件下(xia)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)插入(ru)和(he)(he)(he)摘除，這(zhe)對連接(jie)(jie)器就有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求；6）終端(duan)匹(pi)配(pei)。現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)信(xin)(xin)號和(he)(he)(he)所有(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)波(bo)信(xin)(xin)號一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣具(ju)有(you)(you)反射現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)象，在(zai)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)每一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)網(wang)段(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)終端(duan)，都應該采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻匹(pi)配(pei)，第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)可(ke)(ke)以吸收(shou)放射，第(di)二個(ge)(ge)(ge)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)在(zai)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩端(duan)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平，保證(zheng)通(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)。因此，現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)技術是(shi)控制(zhi)(zhi)、計算機、通(tong)(tong)(tong)訊技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交叉與集(ji)成(cheng)，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)(he)快速發(fa)展體現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)控制(zhi)(zhi)領域對降低成(cheng)本(ben)、提高(gao)(gao)(gao)可(ke)(ke)靠性、增強可(ke)(ke)維護(hu)性和(he)(he)(he)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)數(shu)據采(cai)(cai)集(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智能化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求。

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