很多人對于開閉所、配電房、變電所、變電站、變壓站、箱變這幾個名詞的概念模糊不清，更沒辦法具體區分他們之間區別，而得潤電氣今天就是要為(wei)各(ge)(ge)位(wei)分享它們(men)之間(jian)的(de)區別于作用的(de)。更加具體(ti)的(de)為(wei)各(ge)(ge)位(wei)找到了它們(men)各(ge)(ge)自的(de)定(ding)義(yi)：

（一）開閉所

定義：開(kai)(kai)閉(bi)所(suo)，指不進行電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)變(bian)換而(er)(er)用(yong)開(kai)(kai)關設備實現電(dian)(dian)路開(kai)(kai)閉(bi)的(de)配電(dian)(dian)所(suo)，是(shi)將高壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)力(li)分別(bie)向(xiang)周(zhou)圍的(de)幾個用(yong)電(dian)(dian)單位供電(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)力(li)設施，位于(yu)電(dian)(dian)力(li)系統中變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站的(de)下一級。其(qi)特征是(shi)電(dian)(dian)源進線側(ce)和出線側(ce)的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)相同。當然，區(qu)域變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站也具(ju)有開(kai)(kai)閉(bi)所(suo)的(de)功能。但(dan)需明確的(de)是(shi)，開(kai)(kai)閉(bi)所(suo)是(shi)區(qu)別(bie)于(yu)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站而(er)(er)言的(de)。

開閉(bi)所(suo)也指用于接收電(dian)(dian)力(li)并分(fen)配電(dian)(dian)力(li)的(de)(de)供配電(dian)(dian)設施，高壓電(dian)(dian)網中稱(cheng)為開關(guan)站。中壓電(dian)(dian)網中的(de)(de)開閉(bi)所(suo)一(yi)般用于10kV電(dian)(dian)力(li)的(de)(de)接受與分(fen)配。開閉(bi)所(suo)一(yi)般兩(liang)進多(duo)出(chu)(常用4~6出(chu))，只是根據不同的(de)(de)要求，進出(chu)可以(yi)(yi)設置斷路器、負荷(he)開關(guan)。是全金屬密閉(bi)，能夠(gou)在室(shi)(shi)外運行的(de)(de)10KV電(dian)(dian)壓等級以(yi)(yi)下的(de)(de)開關(guan)柜組合。轉供容量8000KW左右，向地塊或(huo)區域的(de)(de)變配電(dian)(dian)室(shi)(shi)提供中壓電(dian)(dian)源。

位置：設在(zai)車站、貨場附近、電(dian)力機務段、樞紐(niu)站等大宗負荷處。

作用(yong)：將供電(dian)臂分(fen)段，事(shi)故(gu)時縮小事(shi)故(gu)范圍(wei)，提高(gao)供電(dian)的(de)可(ke)靠性(xing)、靈活性(xing)；減少變電(dian)所的(de)復雜性(xing)；不改變電(dian)壓大小，只擴(kuo)大饋線回路數，相當于配(pei)電(dian)所。

（二）配電房

定義：配電房又叫配電所，在國家標準里面，配電所的定義是:"所內只有起開閉和分配電能作用的高壓配電裝置，母線上無主變壓器"。配電房電壓等級在35KV等級以下，內部安裝有開關、互感器、電容器以及相關的保護測量裝置。通俗點說：蓋個房子，把變壓器放進去，還有進出線柜之類的，就成配電房（室）了~規模較大的，多臺變壓器、高壓柜、低壓柜等等各種(zhong)，完成變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)、分配(pei)電(dian)(dian)能的一個(ge)(ge)獨(du)立(li)場所(suo)，或建(jian)筑物內(nei)的一個(ge)(ge)區域內(nei)。配(pei)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)與變(bian)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)的區別(bie)在于，配(pei)電(dian)(dian)房(配(pei)電(dian)(dian)所(suo))無變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)，而變(bian)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)有變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)。變(bian)、配(pei)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)主(zhu)要指小區或大樓等的變(bian)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)間。

配電房是大廈(sha)供電系(xi)統的(de)關鍵部位，設(she)(she)專職(zhi)電工對其實行24小時(shi)(shi)運行值班(ban)。未經管(guan)(guan)理(li)處經理(li)、部門主管(guan)(guan)的(de)許可，非(fei)工作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)不得入(ru)內(nei)。值班(ban)員(yuan)須持(chi)證上崗，熟悉配電設(she)(she)備狀況、操(cao)作(zuo)方法和安全(quan)注(zhu)(zhu)意事項。值班(ban)員(yuan)須密切(qie)注(zhu)(zhu)意電壓(ya)表(biao)、電流表(biao)、功(gong)率因數表(biao)的(de)指示情況;嚴禁空氣開關超載運行。經常保持(chi)配電房地面(mian)及設(she)(she)備外表(biao)無塵。配電房設(she)(she)備的(de)倒閘(zha)操(cao)作(zuo)由值班(ban)員(yuan)單獨進行，其他在(zai)場人(ren)員(yuan)只(zhi)作(zuo)監護，不得插(cha)手;嚴禁兩(liang)人(ren)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)倒閘(zha)操(cao)作(zuo)，以免發(fa)生錯(cuo)誤。

公用配(pei)電房(fang)和(he)專用配(pei)電房(fang)的(de)區別在(zai)于：

1、從權(quan)限來講，專(zhuan)用配電房(fang)是由業主自(zi)主管理的；公用配電房(fang)屬于供電局管理的。

2、從負荷(he)分配(pei)來講，專用(yong)配(pei)電房(fang)所供(gong)(gong)的負荷(he)是小區內的公共設施設備用(yong)電，如消(xiao)防泵，生活泵，風(feng)機，電梯、公共照明和配(pei)套商業等設備用(yong)電；公用(yong)配(pei)電房(fang)所供(gong)(gong)的負荷(he)是專供(gong)(gong)居民生活用(yong)電。

（三）變電所

定義(yi)：變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所，就是(shi)改變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)場(chang)所與(yu)地方。是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統中對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)進行(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)換、集中和(he)(he)分(fen)配(pei)的(de)場(chang)所。為保證電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)質量以及(ji)(ji)設(she)備的(de)安全，在(zai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所中還需進行(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)調整、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)控(kong)制以及(ji)(ji)輸配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路和(he)(he)主要電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)設(she)備的(de)保護。按(an)用途可分(fen)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所和(he)(he)牽引變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣鐵路和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)車用)。在(zai)國家(jia)標準GB50053-94《10kv及(ji)(ji)以下變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所設(she)計(ji)規(gui)范》里面規(gui)定的(de)術(shu)語定義(yi)是(shi)"10千(qian)伏(fu)及(ji)(ji)以下交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源經(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)后對用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)"，符合這個的(de)就是(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所。

作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)：變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)是把發電(dian)(dian)站發出的(de)電(dian)(dian)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不(bu)超過一(yi)(yi)(yi)兩千伏，如果直接(jie)遠距(ju)(ju)離輸(shu)(shu)送，線(xian)路電(dian)(dian)流(liu)會很大，使得線(xian)路上的(de)電(dian)(dian)能損耗很大，不(bu)經濟，而(er)且(qie)線(xian)路輸(shu)(shu)送功(gong)率(lv)很低。所(suo)(suo)以(yi)要(yao)用(yong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器將電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)升(sheng)到幾(ji)萬(wan)(wan)伏甚至幾(ji)十萬(wan)(wan)伏（視距(ju)(ju)離和(he)功(gong)率(lv)而(er)定），以(yi)減小線(xian)路電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。為了(le)將不(bu)同距(ju)(ju)離和(he)功(gong)率(lv)的(de)電(dian)(dian)力線(xian)路連成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)網，以(yi)增加整體(ti)安全性，就(jiu)需要(yao)多(duo)個變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)站把不(bu)同等(deng)(deng)級(ji)的(de)線(xian)路匹配連接(jie)起來。同樣，高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)輸(shu)(shu)送到目(mu)的(de)地(di)后，為了(le)適應不(bu)同用(yong)戶的(de)需要(yao)，又需將其降壓(ya)(ya)到10500V、6300V、400V（即(ji)380/220V）等(deng)(deng)幾(ji)個等(deng)(deng)級(ji)。所(suo)(suo)以(yi)在實際應用(yong)中(zhong)需要(yao)那么(me)多(duo)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)站。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般主變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)是指一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)，下設二級(ji)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)是進行開關(guan)高壓(ya)(ya)配出，不(bu)負責(ze)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)送。

（四）變電站

定義(yi)：變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，改變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的場所(suo)(suo)(suo)。為了把(ba)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠發出來(lai)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)能輸(shu)送(song)到較(jiao)遠的地方(fang)，須把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)升(sheng)高，變(bian)(bian)(bian)為高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，到用戶附近再(zai)按(an)需要把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降低，這種升(sheng)降電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的工作靠變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)來(lai)完成。變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的主要設備是(shi)開關(guan)和變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器。按(an)規模大(da)小不同，小的稱為變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)(suo)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)大(da)于變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)(suo)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)(suo):一般是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等級(ji)在110KV以下的降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan);變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan):包括各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等級(ji)的"升(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)、降壓(ya)(ya)(ya)"變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。

變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統中變(bian)(bian)換(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、接受和分配電(dian)(dian)(dian)能、控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力的(de)流向和調整電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力設施，它通(tong)過其變(bian)(bian)壓器將(jiang)各級電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網聯系起來。變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)在特(te)定的(de)環(huan)境中;是將(jiang)AC-DC-AC轉(zhuan)換(huan)過程。像海底輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜以(yi)及遠距離的(de)輸(shu)(shu)送中。有(you)些采(cai)用高壓直流輸(shu)(shu)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)形(xing)式。直流輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)克服交(jiao)流輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)容抗損耗。具(ju)有(you)節能效應。

變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)主要是(shi)高(gao)壓變(bian)電(dian)(dian)中壓，或高(gao)壓變(bian)電(dian)(dian)低一級(ji)高(gao)壓，變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)占地較大，根據不(bu)同電(dian)(dian)壓等(deng)級(ji)及容(rong)量不(bu)同占地不(bu)同。所以(yi)會有人叫(jiao)它(ta)變(bian)壓站(zhan)(zhan)……

位置(zhi)：從(cong)供電經濟性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)度考慮(lv)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)(pei)電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)應(ying)接(jie)近負(fu)荷中(zhong)心(xin)。從(cong)生產(chan)角(jiao)度考慮(lv)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)(pei)電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)不應(ying)妨礙生產(chan)和廠內運輸(shu)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)(pei)電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)本身設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)運輸(shu)也應(ying)當(dang)方(fang)(fang)便。從(cong)安全(quan)角(jiao)度考慮(lv)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)(pei)電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)應(ying)避開易燃易爆(bao)場所。變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)(pei)電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)宜設在單位的(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)風(feng)側。在企(qi)業中(zhong)，不易設在容易沉(chen)積粉塵和纖維的(de)(de)(de)(de)場所。變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)(pei)電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)不應(ying)設在人員密(mi)集的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)(fang)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)(pei)電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)址和建筑還應(ying)考慮(lv)到滅火、防(fang)蝕、防(fang)污、防(fang)水(shui)、防(fang)雨(yu)、防(fang)雪、防(fang)震以及防(fang)止(zhi)小動物(wu)鉆入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求。（規范注意！）

作用(yong)：變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站是連接發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠到用(yong)戶的(de)(de)(de)一個過(guo)渡裝(zhuang)置。由于(yu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠到用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)城市和工廠距離(li)非常遠，而發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠發(fa)(fa)出的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓不(bu)高(gao)，這(zhe)樣(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)就(jiu)很大，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大的(de)(de)(de)話，在(zai)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)上根據焦耳(er)定律就(jiu)會產生很大的(de)(de)(de)熱量，這(zhe)樣(yang)會導致(zhi)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)損壞，而且電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)轉(zhuan)換為(wei)熱能也是一種(zhong)損失，所(suo)以需要把發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓通過(guo)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站升高(gao)，到50萬(wan)伏，然后(hou)長距離(li)輸送(song)到我(wo)們(men)生活的(de)(de)(de)城市和工廠，然后(hou)又通過(guo)當地的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降低(di)，通過(guo)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等措施編成我(wo)們(men)日(ri)常的(de)(de)(de)220伏的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。

上述開閉所、配電房、變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)、變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站之間的(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)系是(shi)一個比(bi)一個大，輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等(deng)級在35KV及以上，供出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)為10KV（或者6kv）的(de)(de)，有(you)(you)主(zhu)(zhu)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器，有(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)改變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)叫(jiao)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)； 10kv及以下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等(deng)級輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)的(de)(de)，叫(jiao)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)房(fang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)不變(bian)(bian)，沒有(you)(you)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器，只有(you)(you)同一電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等(deng)級輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)的(de)(de)，10kv電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等(deng)級的(de)(de)，就是(shi)開(kai)(kai)閉所(suo)(suo)，35kv及以上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)等(deng)級的(de)(de)，叫(jiao)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)站，變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)含有(you)(you)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器，開(kai)(kai)閉所(suo)(suo)只有(you)(you)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)柜(ju)(ju)，包括高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)負荷(he)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)、高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)斷路器，配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)房(fang)是(shi)高(gao)、低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成套裝置集中(zhong)控制，接(jie)受和分配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)(de)場(chang)所(suo)(suo)，配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)房(fang)內設備主(zhu)(zhu)要有(you)(you)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)，配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)分成進(jin)線(xian)柜(ju)(ju)、計(ji)量(liang)柜(ju)(ju)、聯絡柜(ju)(ju)、出(chu)線(xian)柜(ju)(ju)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)柜(ju)(ju)等(deng)，主(zhu)(zhu)要由(you)空(kong)氣開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)、計(ji)量(liang)、指導儀表、保(bao)護裝置、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器、接(jie)觸器等(deng)組成。

（五）牽引變電所

定義(yi)：牽引變(bian)電所的(de)(de)功能是(shi)將三(san)相(xiang)的(de)(de)110KV(或220KV)高壓(ya)交流電變(bian)換為兩(liang)個(ge)單相(xiang)的(de)(de)27.5KV的(de)(de)交流電，然后向(xiang)鐵路(lu)上、下(xia)行兩(liang)個(ge)方向(xiang)的(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)網(額定電壓(ya)為27.5KV)供(gong)電，牽引變(bian)電所每(mei)一側的(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)網都被稱做供(gong)電臂(bei)。該(gai)兩(liang)臂(bei)的(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)網電壓(ya)相(xiang)位(wei)是(shi)不同的(de)(de)，一般是(shi)用分(fen)相(xiang)絕(jue)緣(yuan)器隔離開(kai)來。相(xiang)鄰(lin)變(bian)電所間的(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)網電壓(ya)一般是(shi)同相(xiang)的(de)(de)[BFQ]，期間除也用分(fen)相(xiang)絕(jue)緣(yuan)器隔離外(wai)，還設置了分(fen)區(qu)亭，通過(guo)分(fen)區(qu)亭斷路(lu)器或隔離開(kai)關的(de)(de)操作，實(shi)行雙邊(或單邊)供(gong)電。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)牽(qian)(qian)引的(de)(de)(de)專用變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)。牽(qian)(qian)引變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)把區(qu)域電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統(tong)(tong)送來的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)，根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)牽(qian)(qian)引對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)不同要求，轉變(bian)為(wei)適用于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)牽(qian)(qian)引的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)，然后(hou)分別送到(dao)沿鐵(tie)路(lu)線(xian)上空架(jia)設的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)觸網，為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)機(ji)車供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，或者送到(dao)地(di)下鐵(tie)道等城市交(jiao)通所(suo)(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)，為(wei)地(di)鐵(tie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車輛或電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)車供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。一(yi)條電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)化(hua)鐵(tie)路(lu)沿線(xian)設有多(duo)個牽(qian)(qian)引變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)，相鄰(lin)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)間的(de)(de)(de)距離約為(wei)40~50公(gong)里(li)。在長的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)化(hua)鐵(tie)路(lu)中(zhong)，為(wei)了(le)把高壓(ya)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)分段以縮小故(gu)障范圍,一(yi)般每隔200~250公(gong)里(li)還設有支柱牽(qian)(qian)引變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo),它除了(le)完成一(yi)般變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)的(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)外，還把高壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網送來的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)，通過它的(de)(de)(de)母(mu)線(xian)和(he)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)分配給其他中(zhong)間變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)。

說到這(zhe)里(li)那再談(tan)一(yi)下分(fen)區亭：剛才提到了，設(she)置于兩(liang)個牽引變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)的(de)(de)中間，可(ke)使兩(liang)相(xiang)鄰(lin)的(de)(de)接(jie)觸(chu)網(wang)(wang)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)區段(同一(yi)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)臂的(de)(de)上、下行或兩(liang)相(xiang)鄰(lin)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)的(de)(de)兩(liang)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)臂)實現并聯或單獨工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。如果(guo)分(fen)區廳(ting)兩(liang)側的(de)(de)某一(yi)區段接(jie)觸(chu)網(wang)(wang)發生(sheng)短路(lu)故(gu)(gu)障，可(ke)由供電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)牽引變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)饋(kui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)斷(duan)路(lu)器(qi)(qi)及(ji)分(fen)區亭斷(duan)路(lu)器(qi)(qi)，在繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用下自動跳閘，將故(gu)(gu)障段接(jie)觸(chu)網(wang)(wang)切除，而非故(gu)(gu)障段的(de)(de)接(jie)觸(chu)網(wang)(wang)仍(reng)照常工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，從(cong)而使事故(gu)(gu)范圍(wei)縮(suo)小一(yi)半。

位置：設在兩個牽引(yin)變電所中(zhong)間，增加(jia)供電的靈活性、可靠性。

作(zuo)用：分(fen)相；越區供電；縮小事故(gu)的范圍(wei)。

（六(liu)）箱(xiang)式(shi)變(bian)壓器(qi)（俗稱箱(xiang)變(bian)）

定義：箱式變電站，又(you)叫預(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)式(shi)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所或預(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)式(shi)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)。是(shi)一種高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)開關設備、配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器和低壓(ya)(ya)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)，按一定接線(xian)方案排成(cheng)(cheng)一體的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)廠(chang)預(yu)制戶(hu)內、戶(hu)外緊湊式(shi)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備，即將變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器降壓(ya)(ya)、低壓(ya)(ya)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等功能有(you)機地組(zu)合在(zai)一起，安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)一個防(fang)潮(chao)、防(fang)銹、防(fang)塵、防(fang)鼠(shu)、防(fang)火、防(fang)盜、隔熱、全封閉(bi)、可移動的(de)(de)(de)鋼結構箱，特別適用(yong)于城網建設與改造，是(shi)繼(ji)土建變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)之后(hou)崛起的(de)(de)(de)一種嶄(zhan)新的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)。一般是(shi)把高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)低壓(ya)(ya)，例如(ru)把10kv的(de)(de)(de)線(xian)路經變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)380v的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。箱式(shi)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)適用(yong)于礦山、工(gong)廠(chang)企(qi)業、油氣(qi)田和風力發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)，它替代了原有(you)的(de)(de)(de)土建配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)房，配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)，成(cheng)(cheng)為新型的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)套變(bian)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)。

箱(xiang)式變(bian)(bian)(bian)電站（簡稱箱(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)）一(yi)般由高壓(ya)室、變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)室和低(di)壓(ya)室組成。箱(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)產品是一(yi)種比較簡易的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)配電裝置，其(qi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)部(bu)分(fen)的(de)(de)選擇，均可(ke)按一(yi)般通(tong)則處理，容(rong)量(liang)一(yi)般不(bu)超過1250kVA。臨(lin)(lin)時(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)：臨(lin)(lin)時(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)箱(xiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)，比如某工地(di)的(de)(de)臨(lin)(lin)時(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)，將(jiang)來(lai)要拆除的(de)(de)，不(bu)做永久保留使用的(de)(de)。

位置：

第一種：主(zhu)要用(yong)在城市的住宅小區(qu)、以(yi)及街(jie)道(dao)，當用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)高峰期。需要增加電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓時(shi)候(hou)，就需要用(yong)到我(wo)們的設備-箱式變電(dian)(dian)(dian)站了。

第二種：主(zhu)要用(yong)(yong)于臨時性的(de)供(gong)應電(dian)量，比如在工(gong)地，在已有建(jian)筑物(wu)的(de)情況下，我(wo)們需(xu)要改造(zao)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)設備。在野外作業的(de)時候也是經常用(yong)(yong)到箱(xiang)式變(bian)電(dian)站的(de)，

比如：工地、碼頭、機場等(deng)等(deng)。

作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)：箱式變電(dian)(dian)站用(yong)(yong)于高層住宅，豪華別墅，廣場(chang)公(gong)園(yuan)，居民(min)小區(qu)，中小型工廠，礦山(shan)、油(you)田，以及臨時施工用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)等場(chang)所，作(zuo)配電(dian)(dian)系統中接受和分配電(dian)(dian)能之用(yong)(yong)。

掃一掃二維碼(ma)了解更多(duo)詳情：

更多詳情請咨詢安徽得潤電氣技術有限公司