通常電器里面的接線為三根居多，但也有兩根或者四根、五根線的。看多了警匪片總有一種剪錯了顏色會爆炸的設想。這都源于對電氣內的未知，各種顏色交織的線(xian)路讓人摸不(bu)到頭腦。

有些(xie)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器用(yong)(yong)三(san)(san)根(gen)(gen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)，三(san)(san)根(gen)(gen)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相(xiang)線(xian)，任意(yi)兩(liang)根(gen)(gen)線(xian)之間的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)380V，這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)叫(jiao)做三(san)(san)項(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器比如說三(san)(san)項(xiang)異步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機。有的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器用(yong)(yong)兩(liang)根(gen)(gen)線(xian)，都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相(xiang)線(xian)，兩(liang)根(gen)(gen)相(xiang)線(xian)之間的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)380V，這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)叫(jiao)做兩(liang)相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器比如說電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)焊機。有的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設備也(ye)有兩(liang)根(gen)(gen)線(xian)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)卻(que)一根(gen)(gen)火線(xian)一根(gen)(gen)零(ling)線(xian)，兩(liang)者電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為220V，主要用(yong)(yong)在家用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)上面，我們把這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)叫(jiao)做單(dan)相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。既然三(san)(san)根(gen)(gen)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，兩(liang)根(gen)(gen)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兩(liang)項(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，那么(me)四(si)根(gen)(gen)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)五根(gen)(gen)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)什么(me)呢，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)相(xiang)、五相(xiang)嗎？那您可(ke)就大錯特錯了。

電(dian)(dian)源的(de)三(san)相(xiang)：三(san)相(xiang)發電(dian)(dian)機作為(wei)電(dian)(dian)源產生三(san)相(xiang)交流電(dian)(dian)用：U、V、W表(biao)示

電(dian)路(lu)的(de)三相：供電(dian)源頭為三相發電(dian)機的(de)電(dian)路(lu)用：L1、L2、L3表示

線電(dian)壓(ya)：相線之(zhi)間的電(dian)壓(ya)，一般標準電(dian)壓(ya)為380V；

相(xiang)電(dian)壓(ya)：中性線(xian)(xian)與(yu)相(xiang)線(xian)(xian)之間(jian)存在(zai)的電(dian)壓(ya)，一般標準(zhun)電(dian)壓(ya)是220V。

1、單相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)區別和(he)聯系：在(zai)電(dian)網(wang)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)頭的(de)發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)發(fa)出的(de)電(dian)都是(shi)三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)交流(liu)電(dian)，三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)就是(shi)可以(yi)為(wei)用(yong)戶(hu)提供(gong)三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)交流(liu)電(dian)的(de)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，單相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)就是(shi)三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)中(zhong)的(de)任意一項(xiang)和(he)中(zhong)線點(dian)形成的(de)單相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)回路(lu)。

2、國家規定，民用三相(xiang)電源的中(zhong)性點須(xu)在變壓(ya)器端接地(di)，我們平時用的電就是(shi)(shi)一(yi)根火線(xian)和(he)從變壓(ya)器中(zhong)性點印出來的一(yi)條零線(xian)構成(cheng)的回路(lu)。在單(dan)相(xiang)三芯的電源插孔中(zhong)還接有(you)一(yi)根接地(di)線(xian)，這(zhe)根線(xian)是(shi)(shi)和(he)漏電保護器一(yi)起(qi)使(shi)用的，并沒有(you)實際意義。

3、我們(men)平時(shi)見到(dao)的三相(xiang)供電(dian)都是(shi)由三根相(xiang)線組成的，一般線電(dian)壓為380V，但也有特殊情況采用660VAC、6000VAC提供電(dian)能。

4、真正的兩相(xiang)電(dian)其(qi)實非(fei)常少見，只用在特(te)殊的設備例如電(dian)焊機等(deng)(deng)，其(qi)電(dian)壓等(deng)(deng)級(ji)一般也是(shi)380V；還有超大(da)的工業電(dian)焊機用到的兩相(xiang)電(dian)電(dian)壓等(deng)(deng)級(ji)更(geng)高。

我(wo)們平(ping)時用到的電(dian)(dian)一般是(shi)(shi)單相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)，由一根火(huo)線(xian)和一根零線(xian)構成，雖然有人叫他兩(liang)相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)但是(shi)(shi)也(ye)只是(shi)(shi)一種名譽上的兩(liang)相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)，也(ye)叫做民(min)用電(dian)(dian)。

因為供(gong)電(dian)方式(shi)考慮到(dao)實際情況(kuang)，其供(gong)電(dian)方案也(ye)多種多樣(yang)，這樣(yang)就會讓不懂電(dian)的人感到(dao)非常迷惑，認為三(san)根(gen)(gen)(gen)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)就是三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，兩(liang)根(gen)(gen)(gen)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)就是兩(liang)項(xiang)，按照(zhao)如此推(tui)算四根(gen)(gen)(gen)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)就是四相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)五根(gen)(gen)(gen)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)就是五相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。因為這個經常鬧出好多笑話，小編曾經帶過一個徒弟就問過這樣(yang)的問題，哎呀我也(ye)是無語了。其實我們平時看到(dao)的四根(gen)(gen)(gen)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)五根(gen)(gen)(gen)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是“三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)四線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制”和“三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)五線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制”，其本(ben)質上(shang)(shang)還是三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)。其實，“三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)四線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制”是三(san)根(gen)(gen)(gen)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)加上(shang)(shang)一根(gen)(gen)(gen)中(zhong)性(xing)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)；“三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)五線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制”是三(san)根(gen)(gen)(gen)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)加上(shang)(shang)中(zhong)性(xing)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)N和地線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)PE。

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